SDG( Sustainable Development Goals) Overview of SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth.

    sustainable development goals                  

   SDG: 8 (DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH)                                                     

       

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Q: 1    Give a general overview of all SDGs.           

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS):

Sustainable development goals are also called global goals. On 25-27 September; 2015 in New York, the UNO made a call to take action to end poverty and provide protection to the planet. It is 15 years (2015-2030) set up plans to achieve goals. There are 17 SDGs, 169 targets, and 214 indicators that were launched by the 193 members of the UN. The main agenda is to protect human rights, justice, equality, and human dignity.

1.   NO P0VERTY:

Half of all people live in poverty, so their goal is to end poverty because everyone deserves a chance to be enriched in this world. The target is to end poverty through social protection (healthcare, unemployment) and access to fundamental things like basic services, land, labor, technology, business, and job opportunities.

2.   ZERO HUNGER:

 The main aim is to provide food to the helpless and poor people. Access enough food that is completely safe and nutritious. It also encourages sustainable agriculture to know the procedure of growing things and consumption.

3.   GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING:

The mission statement of this goal is to secure public health and promote public welfare to all ages. Their target is to reduce the deaths of newborn babies, and diseases like tuberculosis, AIDS, malaria, diabetes, and lung diseases. They also promote well-being and mental health, and access to affordable medicines and vaccines to all.    

4.   QUALITY EDUCATION:

Education is one of the basic needs of life after food, water, and shelter. Their main aim is to promote learning opportunities and to make sure fair, comprehensive, and quality education to all. Their targets are to provide equal access to primary and secondary education, vocational, and technical, and expand a large number of scholarships and teachers the developing countries.

5.    GENDER EQUALITY:

Achieve gender equality and give authority to all women and girls. The importance of gender equality is to make a peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world. Their main target is to promote women by providing opportunities for better education healthcare, and decent work, eliminating all types of violence, exploitation, and forced marriages, and giving them equal rights to own property.

6.   CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION:

To ensure accessibility of water, feasible management, and sanitation for all. More disease is caused by impure water because people have no facilities to drink safe water. 4.2 billion people haven’t proper management of sanitation and 3 billion people haven’t basic things like hand washes, soaps, etc. their targets are to access secure and potable water, supply sanitation and hygiene, improve water quality and safe recycling, achievement of water resources and protect the ecosystem of water.

7.   AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY:

To protect the planet from harmful and endurable fossils that’s why SDG 7 will change the procedure of consuming energy. The mission statement is to provide low-cost, steady, and sustainable energy to all. it contains 4 main targets which include making more improvements in efficient energy, promoting the departments of research and technology of energy, increasing the percentage of infinite energy, and retrieve to modern energy. 

8.   DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH:

Improving the living standard and creating decent jobs can handle progress comprehensively and assist economic growth. Their main targets are to achieve higher goals in diversification, technology, and innovation, increase GDP, promote support of productive activities, equal chances for all men and women, protect labor rights, etc.

9.   INDUSTRY, INNOVATION, AND INFRASTRUCTURE:

 To introduce new smart technology, build new infrastructure as well as use efficient natural resources. Their targets are connected to the environment, upgrading infrastructure and efficient use of resources, use of clean and environmentally sound technologies, and giving support to African countries financially and technologically.

10.   REDUCED INEQUALITIES:

To encourage and authorize economic, social, and political involvement of all ages, gender, religion, race, etc.  Give equal opportunities by eliminating discriminatory laws, making social protection policies to achieve greater equality, and making safe, easy, responsible migration, and adaptability to people.

11.  SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES:      

 Make strong, safe, and sustainable cities and colonization. Their targets are to aces affordable housing, basic services, affordable public transport, safeguard world culture, protect poor people affected by disasters, provide safe public places and make the link between urban and rural areas, etc.

12.  RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION:

 As our planet provides natural resources, so we must consume and produce commodities that are not harmful to human lives. Their targets are to implement 10 years of programs on consumption and production patterns, maintain the supply chain of food, effective use of resources, minimize industrial waste that impacts human health, promote procurement of public and remove market deformation, etc.

13.     CLIMATE ACTIONS:

 Take action against climate change as it is affecting every continent. With the change of weather, sea levels become extremely change. In 2019, the climate was affected by the pandemic covid-19. Although the global economy started to recover from this pandemic and save lives by taking urgent actions. Their main target Is to provide freshwater resources, hierarchize food security and production, human health and marshland ecosystem, etc.

14.    LIFE BELOW WATER:

 The sea provided us with rainfall, drinking water, most of our food, and air that makes the earth abode for humankind. The key feature of this goal is to make deliberate management of this necessary global resource. Although pollution affects the functioning of the ecosystem. Protecting oceans is very important as they absorb 30% of CO₂ and 90% of excessive heat.

15.  LIFE ON LAND :

 To protect and promote use the way of worldly ecosystems manage forests, tackle deforestation, and stop debasement and diversity loss. They make the international agreement regarding forests, Wetlands Mountains. Their target is to reinstall land and soil-affected disasters, enhance the capacity of biodiversity to provide benefits, fair and equal sharing of resources, end the supply of illegal wildlife products, and poverty reduction, etc.

16.  PEACE, JUSTICE, AND INSTITUTION:

For sustainable development, it is important to encourage peace and provide justice and build accountable institutions. The targets are to reduce the violence and death rates, tortures of children, all forms of corruption, develop institutions, furnish legal identity protect basic freedoms and promote fair policies, etc.

17.     PARTNERSHIPS FOR GOALS:

A successful development needs inclusive partnership at all levels (regional, global, national, local), as many countries require ODA to promote growth and trade. Sustainable development goals are only achieved through strong international relations. They highlighted the importance of the need to organize financial resources, global macroeconomics secureness, and revenue collected by the domestic capacities.

 

   Q: 2    What is the need for sustainable development in today’s era?

 Sustainable development is very important, as the climate changes daily, so we have to meet the needs of the present generation. Suppose any disaster causes many things and it increases poverty and huge impact on the economy of the country. It plays a very important role in economic growth by providing the right direction for decent work and economic growth and achieving universal access to basic services such as water, sanitation, and sustainable energy in an effective way that if anything happens in the future like a shortage of water. We need sustainable development for social progress and equality: Reduce inequalities in the world, especially gender inequalities. Supporting the generation by the development of opportunities through inclusive education and decent work. Foster innovation and resilient infrastructures by creating communities and cities capable of producing and consuming sustainably, because nowadays gender inequalities are a very big issue, and improve mental health, nowadays many diseases occur like coronavirus so we have to focus on mental to fight these viruses, eradicate extreme poverty and hunger and reduce child mortality. We eagerly need sustainable development for this generation.

 

 Q: 3   Detailed overviews of your SDG.

 

DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH:

 

“Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all”. This SDG is made up of 12 targets and 17 indicators, which cover the very broad topics of economic work growth and growth in productivity.

This goal protects the rights of labor, child labor, and financial services, also includes employment for everyone without any gender differentiation, and provides them fair wages. According to International Labor Organization (2015), decent work provides workplace security and protection for families and gives equal advantages to men and women. Because of the changes and developments in the environment accomplished by these goals, it was decided to continue these studies with more extensive goals in September 2015. The SDG-8 looks for long-term economic growth by, promoting policies and effective efforts to eliminate forced labor, slavery, and human trafficking. By keeping these goals in mind, the objective is to attain productive employment as well as work for all men and women by 2030.

 

THE TARGETS OF SDG-8:

Ø    Ø Sustainable economic growth.

Ø   Ø Diversify, upgrade, and innovate for economic productivity

Ø  Ø Promote policies to support growing enterprises and job creation.

Ø  Ø Improves resource efficiency in production and consumption.

Ø  Ø Decent work with equal play and full employment

Ø  Ø Promote youth education, training, and employment.

ؠؠEnd modern slavery, child labor, and human trafficking.

Ø  Ø Promote a safe working environment and protect labor rights.

Ø  Ø  Promote sustainable and beneficial tourism.

Ø  Ø Universal access to financial services, banking, and insurance.

ؠؠIncrease aid for trade support.

Ø  Ø Develop a global strategy for youth employment.

 

 Q: 4   How can your government integrate your SDG into its development programs?

 

The policy includes pro-employment macroeconomic and sectorial policies, together which estimate to promote wages, skills, technology, and innovation. The key points are social dialogues, labor institutions, labor marketing, and employment policies which are required to integrate by ILO in SDG 8.

 

LABOUR STANDARD AND LABOUR INSTITUTION:

 

Since 1919, ILO initiated a system of international labor standards focused on encouraging opportunities for all to acquire equity, security, decent, and productive work. It is defined as governing working conditions by the rules and regulations, i.e., if the labor works overtime, then they have gained a separate salary for that work. And labor institution is a collective organization that intervenes in employment establishment and wages. Employment protection, minimum wages, labor unions, and unemployment insurance are examples of labor institutions.

 PARTNERSHIPS FOR GOALS:

 A successful development needs inclusive partnership at all levels (regional, global, national, and local) as many countries require ODA to promote growth and trade. Sustainable development goals are only achieved by strong international relations. The goal highlighted the importance of the need to organize financial resources, global macroeconomics secureness, and revenue collected by the domestic capacities.

Social Dialogue and Partnership: 

 Social Dialogue is about the exchange of information among the representative of governments, employers, and workers and the issue is related to the common interest related to economics and policy. The Global World wants to establish Global Deal to put social dialogue and social partnership and this plays a very important role in the time of COVID-19. The main points highlight the social dialogue effectively to make progress toward SDG:

 Poverty and Inequality:

 Social dialogue plays a very important role in reducing poverty and inequality.

 Education and Skills:

 Social dialogue plays a very critical role in improving the trained skills and education sector. For example, if any education institute not providing a good quality education then with the help of social dialogue we can overcome the issue.

National Employment Policies (NEP)

 

A National Employment Policy is a vision and practical plan for accomplishing a country’s employment goal. A NEP should promote decent work, in which international labor standards, rights, and security go hand in hand with job creation. NEPs have a major impact on the effort to end poverty by creating opportunities for productive employment and regular income that enables many to escape poverty. NEPs also contribute to reducing inequalities and promoting peaceful and inclusive societies.

 

Enhanced Capacities at the National Level

 

Capacity enhancement implies the enhancement of capabilities of people and institutions sustainably to improve competence and problem-solving capacities. The capability enables people to turn information into knowledge that individuals can act on problem-solving of clients.

 

Capacities can be grouped into three levels:

Individual, organizational and enabling environment.

These all are independent and mutually reinforcing.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Q:5  Challenges of sustainable developing goals.

 

Challenges:

Ø  Ø There are many challenges for the Government in terms of regulating and improving the inspection of child labor.

ؠؠThere are demographical challenges and international movements of peoples in the region that have an impact on the world of work and that must be addressed.

Ø  Ø There is also currently a big challenge regarding migration to prevent the expansion of child labor.

Ø  Ø Working for hours in regions is lengthening.

Ø  Ø The region still has to ensure the right to information on employment conditions and contribution bonuses for domestic workers to guarantee standard hours and payment for overtime, holidays, and bonuses and eradicate the practice of payment in kind food and accommodation.

Ø  Regarding gender equality in the market, there are cultural factors that yet have not been addressed.